Back or body pain can have any of a number of causes, including ligament or muscle strains or sprains, muscle spasms, or arthritic or swollen joints. Things that can cause strains, sprains, or spasms include:
In addition to causing acute pain, some of these things can also cause more serious back injuries that require medical attention.
But in less serious cases, acute back or body pain caused by a strain or sprain will generally heal within a few weeks and may never recur, particularly when the cause is properly addressed.
Degeneration of the spine, which often occurs with aging, can contribute to lower back pain, and may often lead to more serious conditions such as spondylosis (arthritis of the spine) or spinal stenosis (narrowing of the space around the spinal cord and nerve roots due to arthritis and bone overgrowth). If you think you may be suffering from more severe back pain, talk to your doctor.
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Sources
U.S. National Institutes of Health
WebMD.com
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
MayoClinic.com
ClevelandClinic.org